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|Home and Contents |Field Guide Introduction |Kimmeridge - Bibliography - Part 1 (the main Bibliography)THIS IS AN INCOMPLETE SUPPLEMENT, PART 2, TOPICS OF THE KIMMERIDGE BIBLIOGRAPHY -
(Please note that the main bibliography is updated first and references are only added to part 2 at a later stage, when time permits. Thus part 1 should be checked for the latest papers.)
Other Kimmeridge Field Guides
Kimmeridge, - Introduction
Kimmeridge Clay Fossils
Kimmeridge - Kimmeridge Bay
Kimmeridge - Kimmeridge Bay to Gad Cliff
Kimmeridge - East - Hen Cliff, Yellow Ledge and Cuddle
Kimmeridge - Blackstone, Oil Shale at Clavell's Hard
Kimmeridge - Burning Beach, Burning Cliffs and the Lyme Volcano
Kimmeridge - Rope Lake Head to Freshwater Steps
Kimmeridge - Egmont Bight to Chapman's
Pool
Kimmeridge - Bibliography - Start
Kimmeridge - Bibliography Continued - Topics.
Webpage - Périsphinctinés - Aulacostéphanidés (Aulacostephanus Ammonites). French webpage with good illustrations and links to other pages on ammonites. Extract: Généralités.
Cette famille est directement issue des Perisphinctes de l'Oxfordien supérieur à la suite d'un isolement de la faune sub-boréale, du domaine angle-normand, si bien que les premiers représentants de cette famille ne peuvent être récoltés que dans ce domaine. Mais la transition entre Ringsteadia de l'Oxfordien et les premiers représentants, le genre Pictonia (voir ci-dessous), est progressive. --- A la fin du Kimméridgien basal, ce domaine anglo-normand s'ouvre à nouveau vers le sud, et les formes qui suivront le genre Pictonia, le genre Rasenia, auront une répartition géographique beaucoup plus large. Cette famille sera présente durant tout le Kimméridgien et, suite à un nouvel enferment du domaine maritine, évoluera vers le genre Gravesia du Portlandien inférieur, pour s'éteindre avec la disparition de ce domaine marin à la fin du Jurassique.
.
Blake
, J.F. 1875. On the Kimmeridge Clay of England. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 31, 196-237.
.
Cope
, J.C.W. 1967. The ammonite faunas and stratigraphy of the lower part of the Kimmeridge Clay of Dorset. Bulletin of the British Museum Natural History (Geology), 15, 179, pls. 133.
Cope, J.C.W. 1968a. Propectinatites, a new Lower Kimmeridgian ammonite genus. Palaeontology, 11, 15-18, pl. 1.
Cope, J.C.W. 1968b. Epizoic oysters on Kimmeridgian ammonites. Palaeontology, 11, 19-20, pl. 2.
Cope, J.C.W. 1971. Upper Kimmeridge Clay at Kimmeridge. In: Dorset Natural History Reports 1970, Geology. Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society, 92, 41.
Cope, J.C.W. 1978. The ammonite faunas and stratigraphy of the upper part of the Kimmeridge Clay of Dorset. Palaeontology, 21, 469-533, pls. 4556.
.
Doyle
, P., 1996. Understanding Fossils - An Introduction to Invertebrate Palaeontology. Wiley. 426 pp. [introductory to palaeontology].
.
Etches
, S. and Clarke, J. 1999 (with updates). Steve Etches Kimmeridge Collection: Illustrated Catalogue. (by Steve Etches and Jane Clarke). Published by Jane Clarke, 65 Oakmount Road, Chandler's Ford, Hampshire, SO53 2LJ, UK, from whom it can be obtained. This catalogue illustrates 370 of the most important of the 1,561 fossil specimens contained in the Steve Etches Kimmeridge Collection. This excellent collection is housed in a private museum at Kimmeridge village and it may be viewed by appointment (the telephone number is given in the catalogue). All the specimens have been collected since 1981, the bulk coming from the Kimmeridge Bay area on the Dorset coast. Other material has come from Oday Common, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, the Blue Circle Cement Quarry, Westbury Wiltshire, the Black Isle, Ross and Cromarty, Scotland and Cap de la Havre, Normandy France. The catalogue is an assemblage of good quality monochrone photographs with brief captions, on A4 pages in a binder. The many photographs include those of ammonite, ammonite eggs, bivalves, lobsters, fish, ichthyosaurs, plesiosaurs and pliosaurs. Predatory toothmarks are shown in some bones. Some genera illustrated include Aspidoceras, Aulacostephanus, Crussoliceras, Pectinatites, Pictonia, Eurycormis, Caturus, Trachyteuthis, Allothrissops, Geosaurus, Metriorhynchus,Eryma, Goniomya, Leptolepis, Hypsocormus, Gyrodus and various plesiosaurs and ichthyosaurs.
.
House
, M.R. (Ed.) 1993. The Ammonoidea : Environment, Ecology, and Evolutionary Change. (The Systematics Association Special Volume, No 47) Amazon Price: $89.00. Hardcover (March 1993). Oxford University Press; ASIN: 0198577656.
.
Ilovaisky
, D. 1924. Pavlovia, un nouveau genre d'Ammonites. Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., 32, 329-363.
.
Murray
, J.W. 1985. Atlas of Invertebrate Macrofossils. Longman. 241pp. [Well-illustrated with monochrome photographs of numerous fossil genera with technical descriptions. It includes some Kimmeridge genera.]
.
Neaverson
, E. 1924. The zonal nomenclature of the Upper Kimmeridge Clay. Geological Magazine, 61, 146-151.
Neaverson, E. 1925. Ammonites from the Upper Kimmeridge Clay. Papers and Proceedings of the Geology Department of the University of Liverpool, 1, 1-52, pls. 1-4.
Salfeld, H. 1913. Certain Upper Jurassic strata of England. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 69, 423-432.
Taylor, T. 1998. Website. Palaeontology - An Introduction. - by Taro Taylor. This short palaeontology course has been designed for the use of palaeontology students around the world. The following books are recommended, if you want to learn more about the subjects covered in this webpage: Doyle, P., 1996. Understanding Fossils - An Introduction to Invertebrate Palaeontology. Wiley; - Benton, M. & Harper, D., 1997. Basic Palaeontology. Longman; - < Murray, J.W. 1985. Atlas of Invertebrate Macrofossils. Longman.
.
Coccoliths
.
Downie
, C. 1956. Microplankton from the Kimmeridge Clay. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London, 112, 413-434.
.
Young
, J.R. and Bown, P.R. 1991. An ontogenic sequence of coccoliths from the late Jurassic Kimmeridge clay of England. Palaeontology, 34, 843-850.
See also Dolomite Section
.
Feistner
, K.W.A. 1989. Petrographic examination and reinterpretation of concretionary carbonate horizons from the Kimmeridge Clay, Dorset. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 146, 345-350.
.
Hounslow
, M.W. 1997. Significance of localized pore pressures to the genesis of septarian concretions. Sedimentology, 44, No. 6, 1133-1147. Document available from Blackwell Science Ltd. - £7- 64p.
.
Irwin
, H., Curtis, C.D. and Coleman, M.L. 1977. Isotopic evidence for source of diagenetic carbonates formed during burial of organic-rich sediments. Nature, 269, 209-213.
.
Scotchman
, I.C. 1991. The geochemistry of concretions from the Kimmeridge Clay Formation of southern and eastern England. Sedimentology, 38, 79-106. Three types of nodules - calcareous concretions, septarian calcareous concretions and pyrite/calcite concretions. Septarian - long history - early initiation, several phases of burial. Non-septarian concretions began growth in sulphate reduction zone. Pyrite/calcite concrets formed in sulphate-reduction to methanogenesis transition zone. Calcareous concretions form in swell areas and also in basin during low sedimentation rate. Pyrite/calcite concretions occur in organic rich mudstones deposited in basin under high sedimentation rates. Ferroan dolomite nodules grew under very high sedimentation rates. Curtis zones. Sulphate reduction known as SR zone, Methanogenesis is Me zone, decarboxylation zone is D zone. Due to lack of sulphate in the Me and D zone porewater carbonates are predominantly dolomitic. Nodule locations can be controlled by high organic matter horizons or biogenic carbonate. In fractures early brown cement and later white cement. Fibrous outer calcite is synchronous with septarian fracture infills. Burial history curves. Useful isotope data.
Cycles of Sedimentation, Cyclicity, Cyclostratigraphy.
.
Anderson, F.W. 1932. Phasal deposition in the Middle Purbeck Beds of Dorset. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, London, for 1931. pp. 379-380. Not on the Kimmeridge Clay but showing cyclical-type salinity changes in the Purbeck Formation. This early cyclicity work led to the establishment of Anderson's faunicycles, described in later papers. See cycle section in Purbeck Bibliography.
Dunn, C.E. 1974. Identification of sedimentary cycles through Fourier analysis of geochemical data. Chemical Geology, 13, 217-232.
House, M.R. 1985. A new approach to an absolute timescale from measurements of orbital cycles and sedimentary microrhythms. Nature, 316, 721-725.
Gallois, R.W. 2000. The stratigraphy of the Kimmeridge Clay Formation (Upper Jurassic) in the RGGE Project boreholes at Swanworth Quarry and Metherhills, south Dorset. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association, 111, 265-280. Abstract: Three continuously cored boreholes were drilled in the Kimmeridge Clay Formation in south Dorset to provide unweathered samples for a multidisciplinary study of late Jurassic rhythmic sedimentation and its possible causes. Taken together, the borehole cores provide the first complete sequence through the Kimmeridge Clay and the Kimmeridgian Stage in the type area. The cores have been correlated in detail with the succession exposed in the nearby Kimmeridge cliffs and other sections in south Dorset, as well as with those proved in borehole sections elsewhere in southern and eastern England. The cores have enabled the current chronostratigraphical classification of the Kimmeridge Clay to be extended to the top of the formation, covering strata that are poorly exposed at outcrop. Four types of small-scale rhythm are present within the formation, each of which can be related to the sequence stratigraphy. Only one of these is organic rich and of importance as an oil-source rock. End of abstract. (Additional notes: This is a key paper for providing stratigraphical information on the top and bottom of the Kimmeridge Clay Formation. Types of rhythms are shown diagrammatically. There is some lateral variations in stone beds (actually mostly dolomite). Some notable Kimmeridge Clay horizons include - the Hobarrow Bay Fluidised Bed of seismic shock origin and the Chapman's Pool Pebble Bed. For the unexposed section beneath Kimmeridge Bay there are new names for stone bands - Metherhills SB, Swanworth A, B, C, and D stone bands. The Kimmeridge Cliffs thickness is 7 percent greater than that at Swanworth Quarry. RGGE stand for "Rapid Global Geological Events", a special research topic to examine rhthmicity and its possible causes in the Kimmeridge Clay. This was initiated by NERC in 1995.).
Huc, A.Y., Lallier-Verges, E., Bertrand, P., Carpentier, B. and Hollander, D.J. 1992. Organic matter response to change of depositional environment in Kimmeridgian Shales, Dorset, UK. In: Whelan, J.K. and Farrington, J.W. (eds.). Organic Matter Productivity, Accumulation and Preservation in Recent and Ancient Sediments. Columbia University Press, New York, 469-486.
Lallier-Verges, E., Bertrand, P., Huc, A.Y., Buckel, D. and Tremblay, P. 1993. Control of preservation of organic matter by productivity and sulphate reduction in Kimmeridgian shales from Dorset (UK). Marine and Petroleum Geology, 10, 600-605.
Lallier-Verges, E. , Tribivillard, N.-P. and Bertrand, P. 1995. Organic Matter Accumulation: the Organic Cyclicities of the Kimmeridge Clay Formation (Yorkshire, GB) and the Recent Maar Sediments (Lac du Bouchet, France). Springer, Berlin, 187p. £46.
Oschmann, W. 1988. Kimmeridge Clay sedimentation - a new cyclic model. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 65, 217-251.
Tribovillard, N., Desprairies, A., Lallier-Verges, E. et al. 1994. Geochemical study of organic-rich cycles from the Kimmeridge Clay Formation of Yorkshire (UK): productivity versus anoxia. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 108, 165-181.
Valdes, P.J., Sellwood, B.W. and Price, G.D. 1995. Modelling Late Jurassic Milankovitch climate variations. In: House, M.R. and Gale, A.S. (eds.), 1995. Orbital Forcing Timescales and Cyclostratigraphy. Geological Society of London, Special Publication, No. 85, 115-132.
Waterhouse, H.K. 1992. Quantitative Palynofacies Analysis of Jurassic Climatic Cycles. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, University of Southampton.
Waterhouse, H. K. 1995. High-resolution palynofacies investigation of Kimmeridgian sedimentary cycles. From House, M. R. and Gale, A.S. (eds), 1995. Orbital Forcing Timescales and Cyclostratigraphy. Geological Society of London, Special Publication No. 85, pp. 75- 114. Abstract: Palynofacies analysis is used as a tool to investigate in detail the palaeoenvironmental variations through several sedimentary cycles in the Kimmeridge Clay of Kimmeridge Bay, Dorset, UK. Evidence is given of palaeoenvironmental variations within cycles corresponding to those expected for obliquity orbital forcing (c. 40 ka). In addition, a second cyclical palaeoenvironmental variation, probably precessional forced (22.2 ka), is seen in the palynofacies data. Further small-scale variations in palynofacies characteristics, which are not evident in the sedimentology are also identified and allow cycles to be divided into a number of distinct palaeoenvironmental units. It is proposed that the obliquity cycle (c. 40 ka) had its greatest effect on the marine environment. The abundance of useful palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic information obtainable through high-resolution sampling in conjunction with a tool such as palynofacies analysis, provides evidence for and information about orbital forcing additional to that of most orbital forcing studies as it allows variation within cycles to be investigated.
Weedon, G.P., Jenkyns, H.C., Coe, A.L. and Hesselbo, S.P. 1999. Astronomical calibration of the Jurassic time-scale from cyclostratigraphy in British mudrock formations. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, London, Series A, Vol. 357, pp. 1787-1813. Abstract: Three British Jurassic mudrock formations have been investigated, via time-series analysis, for evidence of sedimentary cyclicity related to orbital-climatic (Milankovitch) cyclicity: the Blue Lias, the Belemnite Marls and the Kimmeridge Clay Formation. Magnetic-susceptibility measurements through the Blue Lias (uppermost Triassic to Sinemurian) were used to generate high-resolution time-series. The data indicate the presence of a regular sedimentary cycle that gradually varies in wavelength according to sedimentation rate. Tuning of this cycle to the 38 ka Jurassic obliquity cycle produces spectral evidence for two additional regular cycles of small amplitude. These correspond to the 95 ka component of orbital eccentricity and the 20 ka orbital-precession cycles. Cycle counting allowed the minimum duration of four ammonite zones to be estimated and the duration of the Hettangian stage is estimated to be at least 1.29 Ma. Calcium carbonate measurements through the Belemnite Marls (lower Pliensbachian) are characterized by two scales of cyclicity that call be firmly linked to orbital-precession (20 ka) and the 123 ka component of eccentricity. A time-scale has been developed from the precession-related sedimentary cycles, with cycle counts used to constrain the duration of two ammonite zones. In the Kimmeridge Clay Formation (Kimmeridgian-Tithonian), magnetic-susceptibility measurements made on exposures, core material and down boreholes can be correlated at the decimetre scale. Only measurements of magnetic susceptibility made below the Yellow Ledge Stone Band (midway through the formation) are suitable for analysis of the bedding-scale cyclicity. A large-amplitude sedimentary cycle detected in the lower part of the formation is probably related to the orbital-obliquity cycle (38 ka). In certain stratigraphic intervals, there is evidence for small-amplitude cycles related to orbital precession (20 ka). -- This study of the British Jurassic shows that, in the Rhaetian-Sinemurian, the dominant cyclicity was related to obliquity. In the Pliensbachian this had shifted dominantly to precession, and in the Kimmeridgian obliquity again dominated. These shifts in cycle dominance presumably reflect changing local or global palaeoclimatic and/or palaeoceanographic conditions.
.
Astin
, T.R. and Scotchman, I.C. 1988. The diagenetic history of some septarian concretions from the Kimmeridge Clay, England. Sedimentology, 35, 349-368.
Astin, T.R. 1986. Septarian crack formation in carbonate concretions from shales and mudstones. Clay Mineralogy, 21, 617-632.
.
Bellamy
, J. 1977. Subsurface expansion megapolygons in Upper Jurassic dolostone (Kimmeridge, U.K.), Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 47, 973-978.
Bellamy, J.R.W. 1980. Carbonates within bituminous shales of the British Jurassic - Their Petrography and Diagenesis. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis. University of Southampton.
.
Feistner
, K.W.A. 1989. Petrographic examination and reinterpretation of concretionary carbonate horizons from the Kimmeridge Clay, Dorset. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 146, 345350.
Irwin, H. 1981. On calcic dolomite-ankerite from the Kimmeridge Clay. Mineralogical Magazine, 44, 105-107.
Irwin, H. 1980. Early diagenetic carbonate precipitation and pore fluid migration in the Kimmeridge Clay of Dorset, England. Sedimentology, 27, 577-591.
Irwin, H., Curtis, C.D. and Coleman, M.L. 1977. Isotopic evidence for source of diagenetic carbonates formed during burial of organic-rich sediments. Nature, 269, 209-213.
Leddra, M.J., Yassir, N.A., Jones, C. and Jones, M.E. 1987. Anomalous compression structures formed during diagenesis of a dolostone at Kimmeridge Bay, Dorset. Proceedings of the Geologist's Association, London, 98, 145-155.
Peacock, D.C.P. and Sanderson, D.J. 1992. Effects of layering and anisotropy on fault geometry. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 149, 793-802. Geometry of faults in a thin hard bed subjected to sigma one. Kimmeridge flats thrusts used in the argument.
Ramsay, J.G. 1992. Some geometric problems of ramp-flat thrust models. P. 191-200 in McClay, K.R. (ed.) Thrust Tectonics. of article only. Argues that Kimmeridge thrusts are tectonic. Shows that the classic "fault bend fold model" does not strictly apply and the "Kimmeridge model" shows faults to be local with changing amounts of slip and with thrust wedges in competent layers. Interesting paper. See also Bellamy and see Ledra.
Scotchman, I.C. 1991. The geochemistry of concretions from the Kimmeridge Clay Formation of southern and eastern England. Sedimentology, 38, 79-106. Three types of nodules - calcareous concretions, septarian calcareous concretions and pyrite/calcite concretions. Septarian - long history - early initiation, several phases of burial. Non-septarian concretions began growth in sulphate reduction zone. Pyrite/calcite concrets formed in sulphate-reduction to methanogenesis transition zone. Calcareous concretions form in swell areas and also in basin during low sedimentation rate. Pyrite/calcite concretions occur in organic rich mudstones deposited in basin under high sedimentation rates. Ferroan dolomite nodules grew under very high sedimentation rates. Curtis zones. Sulphate reduction known as SR zone, Methanogenesis is Me zone, decarboxylation zone is D zone. Due to lack of sulphate in the Me and D zone porewater carbonates are predominantly dolomitic. Nodule locations can be controlled by high organic matter horizons or biogenic carbonate. In fractures early brown cement and later white cement. Fibrous outer calcite is synchronous with septarian fracture infills. Burial history curves. Useful isotope data.
Etches, S. and Clarke, J. 1999. Steve Etches Kimmeridge Collection: Illustrated Catalogue. (by Steve Etches and Jane Clarke). Published by Jane Clarke, 65 Oakmount Road, Chandler's Ford, Hampshire, SO53 2LJ, UK, from whom it can be obtained. This catalogue illustrates 370 of the most important of the 1,561 fossil specimens contained in the Steve Etches Kimmeridge Collection. This excellent collection is housed in a private museum at Kimmeridge village and it may be viewed by appointment (the telephone number is given in the catalogue). All the specimens have been collected since 1981, the bulk coming from the Kimmeridge Bay area on the Dorset coast. Other material has come from Oday Common, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, the Blue Circle Cement Quarry, Westbury Wiltshire, the Black Isle, Ross and Cromarty, Scotland and Cap de la Havre, Normandy France. The catalogue is an assemblage of good quality monochrone photographs with brief captions, on A4 pages in a binder. The many photographs include those of ammonite, ammonite eggs, bivalves, lobsters, fish, ichthyosaurs, plesiosaurs and pliosaurs. Predatory toothmarks are shown in some bones. Some genera illustrated include Aspidoceras, Aulacostephanus, Crussoliceras, Pectinatites, Pictonia, Eurycormis, Caturus, Trachyteuthis, Allothrissops, Geosaurus, Metriorhynchus, Eryma, Goniomya, Leptolepis, Hypsocormus, Gyrodus and various plesiosaurs and ichthyosaurs.
Woodward, A.S. 1890. On a head of Eurycormus from the Kimmeridge Clay of Ely. Geological Magazine, series 3, vol 7,, 158-9.
Woodward, A.S. 1892. On some teeth of new chimaeroid fishes from the Oxford and Kimmeridge Clays of England. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (6), vol 10, pp. 13-16 and pp 94-96.
See also Organic Geochemistry
Dunn, C.E. 1974. Identification of sedimentary cycles through Fourier analysis of geochemical data. Chemical Geology, 13, 217-232.
Berlin, S. and Brosse, E. 1992. Petrographical and geochemical study of a Kimmeridgian organic sequence. Revue de L'Institut Francais du Petrole, 47, 711-725.
Buchel, D. 1993? Etude prétrographique quantitative, à différentes échelles, de la pyrite dans des roches riches en matière organique: série supérieure des argiles kimméridgiennes du Dorset (Sud de l'Angleterre). Listed as Bückel, Damien and Steinberg, Michel but apparently a Doctoral Thesis (two names given; one might be the supervisor). Université de Paris 11, Inist Identifier : Th. doct. ; 93 PA11 2442 INIST shelf number : T 92849 Publisher : France.
Cosgrove, M.E. 1970. Iodine in the bituminous Kimmeridge shales of the Dorset Coast, England. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 34, 830-836.
.
Ebukanson
, E.J. and Kinghorn, R.R.F. 1986. Maturity of organic matter in the Jurassic of southern England and its relation to the burial history of the sediments. Journal of Petroleum Geology, 9 (3), 259-280.
Abstract: An investigation of the maturity levels of organic matter in the major potential Jurassic hydrocarbon source rock units in Southern England (i.e. the Lower Lias, Oxford Clay and Kimmeridge Clay) using sporomorph colouration and alkane distribution patterns shows that the Oxford Clay and the Kimmeridge Clay organic materials are immature in most parts of the area. They are mature only in the central parts of the Mesozoic Wealden Basin... The distribution of mature Lower Lias sections is found to be more extensive. Attempted reconstructions of the burial history of the Jurassic sections across Southern England, and the application of the Lopatin method of theoretical organic maturity prediction, seem to support the observed maturity trends and suggest that the present maturity levels of Jurassic organic matter at any given locality are dependent on the structural development of the area through time.
Ebukanson, E.J. and Kinghorn, R.R.F. 1990. Jurassic mudrock formations of southern England: lithology, sedimentation rates and organic carbon content. Journal of Petroleum Geology, 13, (2), 221-228.
Farrimond, P., Comet, P., Eglinton, G., Evershed, R.P., Hall, M.A., Park, D.W. and Wardroper, A.M.K. 1984. Organic geochemical study of the Upper Kimmeridge Clay of the Dorset type area. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 4, 340-354.
Huc, A.Y., Lallier-Verges, E., Bertrand, P., Carpentier, B. and Hollander, D.J. 1992. Organic matter response to change of depositional environment in Kimmeridgian Shales, Dorset, UK. In: Whelan, J.K. and Farrington, J.W. (eds.). Organic Matter Productivity, Accumulation and Preservation in Recent and Ancient Sediments. Columbia University Press, New York, 469-486.
Irwin, H., Curtis, C.D. and Coleman, M.L. 1977. Isotopic evidence for source of diagenetic carbonates formed during burial of organic-rich sediments. Nature, 269, 209-213.
Lallier-Verges, E. and Tribovillard, N-C. 1995. Organic Matter Accumulation : The Organic Cyclicities of the Kimmeridge Clay Formation . (Yorkshire, GB and the Recent Maar Sediments). Amazon Price: $78.00. Paperback (July 1995). Springer Verlag; ASIN: 0387591702.
Myers, K. and Wignall, P. 1987. Understanding Jurassic organic-rich mudrocks: new concepts using gamma-ray spectrometry and palaeoecology; examples from the Kimmeridge Clay of Dorset and the Jet Rock of Yorkshire. In: Leggett, J.K. and Zuffa, G.G. (eds). 1987. Marine Clastic Sedimentology: Concepts and Case Studies. Graham and Trotman, London, 172-189.
Scotchman, I.C. 1987. Relationship between clay diagenesis and organic maturation in the Kimmeridge Clay Formation, Onshore UK. In: Petroleum Geology of North West Europe (ed. by K. Brooks and J.W. Glennie), pp. 251-262.
.
Tribovillard, N., Bialkowski, A., Tyson, R.V., Lallier-Vergès, E. and Deconinck, J-F. 2001. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 18, (3), pp. 371-389.
Abstract: Recent studies of the upper Kimmeridgian of the Boulonnais area (northernmost France) have provided a sequence-stratigraphical framework that is here used to help interpret variations in sedimentary organic matter (OM) content and composition in response to fluctuations in relative sea-level. The organic facies are characterised using a combination of
palynofacies, bulk organic geochemistry (TOC, Rock Eval pyrolysis, and sulphur data), and the particle-size distribution of the
total palynological residues. The organic facies show a good correlation with the sequence stratigraphy, exhibiting peak TOC,
HI, total S and Sorg values in the lithofacies deposited around the two MFS. The palynofacies in these intervals is characterised
by a high content of fluorescent, orange, marine AOM. There is a strong correlation between the orange AOM and the total
and organic sulphur contents. Similar positive correlations between orange AOM and organic sulphur have previously been
observed in the distal organic-rich sediments of the Kimmeridge Clay Formation of Dorset (lateral time equivalents of the
Boulonnais facies), but there the sulphur contents are lower, indicating that organic sulphur content of orange AOM is not fixed,
suggestive of preservation-related parallel but not intrinsically related trends. The S data can be used to estimate an apparent
burial efficiency and hence the proportion of the primary productivity preserved; this allows a rough estimate of
palaeoproductivity. Model calculations suggest that for a sulphide retention of 30-70% and uncompacted sedimentation rate
estimates in the range 5-10cm/ka, the mean palaeoproductivity was in the range 52-175gC/m2/a (up to 6% of which was
preserved). Thus, if the preservation is high, as is the case for MFS, the palaeoproductivity does not need to be above average
for shelf waters to produce a given TOC.
.
Williams, P. F. V. and Douglas, A.G. 1980. A preliminary organic geochemical investigation of the Kimmeridgian oil shales, Advances in Organic Geochemistry., 1979, 531-545.
Williams P. F. V. and Douglas, A.G. 1985. Organic geochemistry of the British Kimmeridge clay 1. Composition of shale oils produced from Kimmeridge sediments. Fuel, 64, 1062-1069.
Geomorphology of Kimmeridge Clay Coast
.
Bird
, E. 1995. Geology and Scenery of Dorset. Ex Libris Press. Bradford on Avon. 207 pp. ISBN 0 948578 72 6. See pages 182-184. A brief field guide.
.
Downie
, C. 1956. Microplankton from the Kimmeridge Clay. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London, 112, 413-434.
.
Gitmez
, G.U. and Sarjeant, W.A.S. 1972. Dinoflagellate cysts and acritarchs from the Kimmeridgian (Upper Jurassic) of England, Scotland and France. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology, 21, No. 5, 171-257, pls. 1-17.
Curtis, C.D. 1980. Diagenetic alteration in black shales. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 137, 189-194.
Irwin, H. 1980. Early diagenetic carbonate precipitation and pore fluid migration in the Kimmeridge Clay of Dorset, England. Sedimentology, 27, 577-591.
Macquaker, J.H.S. and Gawthorpe, R.L. 1993. Mudstone lithofacies in the Kimmeridge Clay Formation, Wessex Basin, Southern England - implications for the origin and controls of the distribution of mudstones. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 63: (6) 1129-1143. Abstract: Lithofacies analysis has been undertaken on a suite of apparently monotonous organic-rich mudstones from the Upper Jurassic Kimmeridge Clay Formation (KCF) in the Wessex Basin, southern England. Using a combination of hand-specimen description, whole-rock geochemistry, optical petrography, and electron optical petrography, five lithofacies have been identified. These are: clay-rich mudstones, silt-rich mudstones, nannoplankton-rich mudstones, laminated mudstones, and concretionary carbonates. These facies can be distinguished from one another on the basis of physical sedimentary structures and the relative proportions of allochthonous, autochthonous, and diagenetic components in each. All five of the KCF lithofacies studied were deposited in a marine shelf environment below fair-weather wave base but in relatively shallow water close to storm wave base. Deposition occurred in regions where sand and other coarse elastic allochthonous debris were not being supplied and the bottom waters varied from oxic to anoxic. The main factors influencing the development of the five facies were: distance from source area, primary productivity, bottom-water anoxia, absolute bathymetry, elastic dilution, and local sediment accumulation rates. Specifically, the clay-rich mudstones were deposited in regions farthest down the sediment-transport paths, commonly in areas by-passed by the main sediment supply and beneath surface waters of relatively low primary productivity. In contrast, the silt-rich mudstones were deposited in more proximal areas, closer to the source of the sediment, in regions where surface productivity and sediment accumulation rates were much higher. The nannoplankton-rich mudstones accumulated beneath regions where productivity in the surface water layers was fairly high (dominated by coccolithophoroid production) and the supply of elastic sediment was insufficient to significantly dilute the autochthonous fraction of the sediment. Unlike the other facies, laminated mudstones were deposited in areas where the bottom waters were anoxic, surface productivity was enhanced, and local sediment accumulation rates were high. The concretionary carbonates were precipitated by diagenetic processes in areas where sediment accumulation rates were very low. These facies descriptions have enabled a detailed sedimentological study of the Kimmeridge Clay Formation to relate depositional and diagenetic processes directly to the facies present, thereby allowing classical facies analyses to be undertaken on apparently homogeneous mudstone successions.
Macquaker, J.H.S., Curtis, C.D. and Coleman, M.L. 1997. The role of iron in mudstone diagenesis: Comparison of Kimmeridge clay formation mudstones from onshore and offshore (UKCS) localities. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 67, (5) 871-878. Abstract: Siliciclastic muds and mudstones commonly contain 5% iron, At deposition, most of this iron is in the oxidized form, Fe-III, whereas in ancient mudstones it is predominantly in the reduced form, Fe-II. In most fine-grained siliciclastic sediments iron reduction is an important process during burial diagenesis. A combination of geochemical and petrologic techniques has been applied to organic-rich mudstones of the Kimmeridge Clay Formation to investigate this valence change, These sediments were collected from a variety of depositional (shallow shelf to deep graben) environments and diagenetic (0.5-4.5 km burial) settings, and our analyses have shown that significant Fe-III survives burial to depths of the order of 4 km, At these depths Fe-III is located (together with Al) in dioctahedral micaceous clays (notably smectite), In such sites, it is apparent that Fe-III is very difficult to reduce, Our data suggest that diagenetic redox reactions are unlikely to be significant in the burial interval 0.5-4.0 km. It is also apparent that substantial iron reduction took place early during burial diagenesis with precipitation of pyrite, siderite, and ferroan carbonates in the sulfate-reduction, methanogenic, and decarboxylation zones, respectively, All these minerals are found in the studied mudstones from the shelf localities, In contrast, within the graben mudstones, pyrite is the dominant Fe-II-rich mineral species present, We propose that the different style of diagenesis in the two settings was produced by a fraction of the reactive iron (i.e., that contained within soil sesquioxides) being converted to the pyrite prior to sediment remobilization, Resedimentaton then allowed a second phase of sulfate reduction with replenished pore-water sulfate from the anoxic bottom graben waters, The remaining reactive iron was converted to pyrite, thereby preventing precipitation of Fe-rich carbonates in the deeper diagenetic zones, Hence, the diagenetic iron-mineral assemblages in the different facies are quite different, Diagenetic assemblages present in ancient siliciclastic sediments thus offer valuable insights into both sedimentary and diagenetic processes, but the links are complex and must be interpreted with care.
Myers, K. and Wignall, P. 1987. Understanding Jurassic organic-rich mudrocks: new concepts using gamma-ray spectrometry and palaeoecology; examples from the Kimmeridge Clay of Dorset and the Jet Rock of Yorkshire. In: Leggett, J.K. and Zuffa, G.G. (eds). 1987. Marine Clastic Sedimentology: Concepts and Case Studies. Graham and Trotman, London, 172-189.
Scotchman, I.C. 1987. Relationship between clay diagenesis and organic maturation in the Kimmeridge Clay Formation, Onshore UK. In: Petroleum Geology of North West Europe (ed. by K. Brooks and J.W. Glennie), pp. 251-262.
Scotchman, I.C. 1989. Diagenesis of the Kimmeridge Clay Formation, Onshore UK. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 146, 285-303.
Macquaker, J.H.S. and Gawthorpe, R.L. 1993. Mudstone lithofacies in the Kimmeridge Clay Formation, Wessex Basin, Southern England - implications for the origin and controls of the distribution of mudstones. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 63: (6) 1129-1143. Abstract: Lithofacies analysis has been undertaken on a suite of apparently monotonous organic-rich mudstones from the Upper Jurassic Kimmeridge Clay Formation (KCF) in the Wessex Basin, southern England. Using a combination of hand-specimen description, whole-rock geochemistry, optical petrography, and electron optical petrography, five lithofacies have been identified. These are: clay-rich mudstones, silt-rich mudstones, nannoplankton-rich mudstones, laminated mudstones, and concretionary carbonates. These facies can be distinguished from one another on the basis of physical sedimentary structures and the relative proportions of allochthonous, autochthonous, and diagenetic components in each. All five of the KCF lithofacies studied were deposited in a marine shelf environment below fair-weather wave base but in relatively shallow water close to storm wave base. Deposition occurred in regions where sand and other coarse elastic allochthonous debris were not being supplied and the bottom waters varied from oxic to anoxic. The main factors influencing the development of the five facies were: distance from source area, primary productivity, bottom-water anoxia, absolute bathymetry, elastic dilution, and local sediment accumulation rates. Specifically, the clay-rich mudstones were deposited in regions farthest down the sediment-transport paths, commonly in areas by-passed by the main sediment supply and beneath surface waters of relatively low primary productivity. In contrast, the silt-rich mudstones were deposited in more proximal areas, closer to the source of the sediment, in regions where surface productivity and sediment accumulation rates were much higher. The nannoplankton-rich mudstones accumulated beneath regions where productivity in the surface water layers was fairly high (dominated by coccolithophoroid production) and the supply of elastic sediment was insufficient to significantly dilute the autochthonous fraction of the sediment. Unlike the other facies, laminated mudstones were deposited in areas where the bottom waters were anoxic, surface productivity was enhanced, and local sediment accumulation rates were high. The concretionary carbonates were precipitated by diagenetic processes in areas where sediment accumulation rates were very low. These facies descriptions have enabled a detailed sedimentological study of the Kimmeridge Clay Formation to relate depositional and diagenetic processes directly to the facies present, thereby allowing classical facies analyses to be undertaken on apparently homogeneous mudstone successions.
.
Gallois
, R.W. 2005. On the Kimmeridgian (Jurassic) succession of the Normandy coast, northern France. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association, 116, 33-43. Abstract: Kimmeridgian rocks crop out on the Normandy coast north and south of the Seine Estuary at Le Havre in a series of small foreshore and cliff exposures separated by beach deposits and landslips. A total thickness of about 45 m of richly fossiliferous strata is exposed, ranging from the base of the Baylei Zone to the middle part of the Eudoxus Zone. The sections are mostly unprotected by sea-defence works and are subject to rapid marine erosion and renewal. Taken together, the Normandy exposures currently provide a more complete section through the low and middle parts of the Kimmeridgian Stage than any natural English section, including those of the Dorset type area. Descriptions and a stratigraphical interpretation of the Normandy sections are presented that enable the faunal collections to be placed in their regional chronostratigraphical context. The Kimmeridgian succession at outcrop on the Normandy coast contains numerous sedimentary breaks marked by erosion, hardground and omission surfaces. Some of these are disconformities that give rise to rapid lateral variations in the succession: biostratigraphical studies need, therefore, to be carried out with particular care. [This includes a brief mention of the main Dorset localities with references.]
Oil-Shale, Kimmeridge Coal, Organic Matter
Cosgrove, M.E. 1970. Iodine in the bituminous Kimmeridge shales of the Dorset Coast, England. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 34, 830-836.
Dunn, C.E. 1974. Identification of sedimentary cycles through Fourier analysis of geochemical data. Chemical Geology, 13, 217-232.
Ebukanson, E.J. and Kinghorn, R.R.F. 1986. Maturity of organic matter in the Jurassic of southern England and its relation to the burial history of the sediments. Journal of Petroleum Geology, 9 (3), 259-280.
Abstract: An investigation of the maturity levels of organic matter in the major potential Jurassic hydrocarbon source rock units in Southern England (i.e. the Lower Lias, Oxford Clay and Kimmeridge Clay) using sporomorph colouration and alkane distribution patterns shows that the Oxford Clay and the Kimmeridge Clay organic materials are immature in most parts of the area. They are mature only in the central parts of the Mesozoic Wealden Basin... The distribution of mature Lower Lias sections is found to be more extensive. Attempted reconstructions of the burial history of the Jurassic sections across Southern England, and the application of the Lopatin method of theoretical organic maturity prediction, seem to support the observed maturity trends and suggest that the present maturity levels of Jurassic organic matter at any given locality are dependent on the structural development of the area through time.
Ebukanson, E.J. and Kinghorn, R.R.F. 1990.
Farrimond, P., Comet, P., Eglinton, G., Evershed, R.P., Hall, M.A., Park, D.W. and Wardroper, A.M.K. 1984. Organic geochemical study of the Upper Kimmeridge Clay of the Dorset type area. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 4, 340-354.
Gallois, R.W. 1976. Coccolith blooms in the Kimmeridge Clay and origin of North Sea Oil. Nature, 259, 473475.
Gallois, R.W., 1978, A pilot study of Oil Shale Occurrences in the Kimmeridge Clay. Report of the Institute of Geological Science, No. 78/13.
Holland, D.L., Huxley, R., Hill, E.M., Crisp D.J. 1986 The effect of the blackstone Oil Shale Exposure on intertidal Organisms at Clavell's Hard, Kimmeridge, Dorset, UK: A Review of an Ecological and Experimental Study. Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society, 107, 135 139
Huc, A.Y., Lallier-Verges, E., Bertrand, P., Carpentier, B. and Hollander, D.J. 1992. Organic matter response to change of depositional environment in Kimmeridgian Shales, Dorset, UK. In: Whelan, J.K. and Farrington, J.W. (eds.). Organic Matter Productivity, Accumulation and Preservation in Recent and Ancient Sediments. Columbia University Press, New York, 469-486.
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Ioannides
, N.S., Stavrinos, G.N. and Downie, C. 1976. Kimmeridgian microplankton from Clavell's Hard, Dorset, England. Micropaleontology, 22, 443-478.
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Legg
, R. 1984. Guide to the Purbeck Coast and Shipwreck. Dorset Publishing Company, Sherborne. 96p. ISBN 0 902129 58 9. [Good account of Kimmeridge oil shale, alum working etc. Refers to Level No. 4 at Clavell's Hard. Map.]
Mansel, J. 1973. Alum at Kimmeridge. N. & Q. Somerset and Dorset, 29, 67, 81.
Mansel-Pleydell, J.C. 1893. Kimmeridge Shale in its economic bearings. Dorset County Chronicle.
Mansel-Pleydell, J.C., 1894, Kimmeridge Shale. Proceedings of Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Field Club, 15, 172-183.
Patten, B. G., 1977, Sublethal biological effects of petroleum on Arctic and Sub-arctic marine environments and Organisms (ed. D. C. Mallins), 271-318. NY. [see if considering modern marine organism attachment to Kimmeridge oil shale]
Scotchman, I.C. 1987. Relationship between clay diagenesis and organic maturation in the Kimmeridge Clay Formation, Onshore UK. In: Petroleum Geology of North West Europe (ed. by K. Brooks and J.W. Glennie), pp. 251-262.
Scotchman, I.C. 1989. Diagenesis of the Kimmeridge Clay Formation, Onshore UK. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 146, 285-303.
Strahan, A. 1898. The Geology of the Isle of Purbeck and Weymouth. Memoirs Geological Survey, England and Wales.
Strahan, A. 1918. Mineral Resources of GB VII - Lignites, Jets, Kimmeridge Oilshale, Mineral Oil, Cannel Coals, Natural gas (Part I), Memoirs Geological Survey. Special Reports.
Strahan, A. et al. 1920. Special Reports on the Mineral Resources of Great Britain. Vol 7. Mineral Oil, Kimmeridge Oil Shale etc. England and Wales. 2nd Edition. Memoirs of the Geological Survey
Tribovillard, N., Bialkowski, A., Tyson, R.V., Lallier-Vergès, E. and Deconinck, J-F. 2001. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 18, (3), pp. 371-389. Abstract: Recent studies of the upper Kimmeridgian of the Boulonnais area (northernmost France) have provided a sequence-stratigraphical framework that is here used to help interpret variations in sedimentary organic matter (OM) content and composition in response to fluctuations in relative sea-level. The organic facies are characterised using a combination of palynofacies, bulk organic geochemistry (TOC, Rock Eval pyrolysis, and sulphur data), and the particle-size distribution of the total palynological residues. The organic facies show a good correlation with the sequence stratigraphy, exhibiting peak TOC, HI, total S and Sorg values in the lithofacies deposited around the two MFS. The palynofacies in these intervals is characterised by a high content of fluorescent, orange, marine AOM. There is a strong correlation between the orange AOM and the total and organic sulphur contents. Similar positive correlations between orange AOM and organic sulphur have previously been observed in the distal organic-rich sediments of the Kimmeridge Clay Formation of Dorset (lateral time equivalents of the Boulonnais facies), but there the sulphur contents are lower, indicating that organic sulphur content of orange AOM is not fixed, suggestive of preservation-related parallel but not intrinsically related trends. The S data can be used to estimate an apparent burial efficiency and hence the proportion of the primary productivity preserved; this allows a rough estimate of palaeoproductivity. Model calculations suggest that for a sulphide retention of 30-70% and uncompacted sedimentation rate estimates in the range 5-10cm/ka, the mean palaeoproductivity was in the range 52-175gC/m2/a (up to 6% of which was preserved). Thus, if the preservation is high, as is the case for MFS, the palaeoproductivity does not need to be above average for shelf waters to produce a given TOC.
Tyson, R.V., Wilson, R.C.L. and Downie, C. 1979. A stratified water column environmental model for the type Kimmeridge Clay. Nature, London, 277, 377-380.
Williams, P. F. V. and Douglas, A.G. 1980. A preliminary organic geochemical investigation of the Kimmeridgian oil shales, Advances in Organic Geochemistry, 1979, 531-545.
Williams P. F. V. and Douglas, A.G. 1985. Organic geochemistry of the British Kimmeridge clay 1. Composition of shale oils produced from Kimmeridge sediments, Fuel, 64, 1062-1069.
Wignall, P.B. 1990. Benthic palaeoecology of the late Jurassic Kimmeridge Clay of England. Special Papers in Palaeontology, No. 43, 74 p. Key Paper. Notes - 700 samples, 55,000 specimens of benthos. Detailed sedimentological logging and a gamma ray spectrometry survey of the type locality. Low values of uranium from a portable gamma ray spectrometer. Three distinct sequences. Lower is a widespread mudstone facies with diverse benthic associations. This had normal benthic oxygen levels. Central sequence has rhythmic alternations of organic-rich shales and mudstones. Decreased diversity and opportunitistic forms indicates drastic reduction of oxygen levels. No stunting. Upper unit return to more oxygenated conditions. More epifaunal forms because of firmer substrate.
Tyson, R.V., Wilson, R.C.L. and Downie, C. 1979. A stratified water column environmental model for the type Kimmeridge Clay. Nature, London, 277, 377-380.
Wignall, P.B. 1989. Sedimentary dynamics of the Kimmeridge Clay: tempests and earthquakes. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 146, 273-284.
Wignal, P.B. 1991. Dysaerobic trace fossils and ichnofabrics in the Upper Jurassic Kimmeridge Clay of Southern England. Palaios, 6, 264-270.
Wignall, P.B. and Myers, K.J. 1988. Interpreting bethic oxygen levels in mudrocks: a new approach. Geology, 16, 452-455.
Wignall, P.B. and Ruffell, A.H. 1990. The influence of a sudden climatic change on marine deposition in the Kimmeridgean of northwest Europe. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 147, 365-371.
Palaeoclimatology
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Wignall, P.B. 1989. Sedimentary dynamics of the Kimmeridge Clay: tempests and earthquakes. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 146, 273-284.
Wignall, P.B. and Ruffell, A.H. 1990. The influence of a sudden climatic change on marine deposition in the Kimmeridgian of northwest Europe. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 147, 365-371.
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Downie, C. 1957. Microplankton from the Kimmeridge Clay. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London, 112, 413-434.
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Gitmez, G.U. and Sarjeant, W.A.S. 1972. Dinoflagellate cysts and acritarchs from the Kimmeridgian (Upper Jurassic) of England, Scotland and France. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology, 21, No. 5, 171-257, pls. 1-17.
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Ioannides, N.S., Stavrinos, G.N. and Downie, C. 1976. Kimmeridgian microplankton from Clavell's Hard, Dorset, England. Micropaleontology, 22, 443-478.
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Saccocoma - Pelagic Crinoid
Bather, F.A. 1911. Note on crinoid plates from the Penshurst Boring (Saccocoma from the Kimmeridge Clay). Summary of Progress of the Geological Survey of Great Britain for 1910, 78-79.
Milsom, C.V. 1994. Saccocoma: a benthic crinoid from the Jurassic Solnhofen Limestone, Germany. Palaeontology, 37, 121-129. Controversial benthic theory. Kimmeridge specimens discussed. Very abundant in Solnhofen. Disarticulated in Kimmeridge Clay.
Sequence Stratigraphy re. Kimmeridge Clay
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Hesselbo, S.P. and Parkinson, D.N. 1996. Sequence Stratigraphy in British Geology. Geological Society Special Publication No. 103, 384 pp, ISBN 1-897799-49-7. GSL special price £29. See paper in this by Tyson, R.V. 1996. Sequence stratigraphical interpretation of organic facies variations in marine siliciclastic systems: general principles and application to the onshore Kimmeridge Clay Formation, U.K.
.
Tyson
, R.V. 1996. Sequence stratigraphical interpretation of organic facies variations in marine siliciclastic systems:
general principles and application to the onshore Kimmeridge Clay Formation, U.K. In: Hesselbo, S.P. and Parkinson, D.N. 1996. Sequence Stratigraphy in British Geology. Geological Society Special Publication No. 103, 384 pp, ISBN 1-897799-49-7. GSL special price £29.
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Wignall
, P.B. 1991. Test of the concepts of sequence stratigraphy in the Kimmeridgian (late Jurassic) of England and northern France. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 8, 430-441.
Uranium in the Kimmeridge Clay
.
Wignall
, P.B. 1990. Benthic palaeoecology of the late Jurassic Kimmeridge Clay of England. Special Papers in Palaeontology, No. 43, 74 p. Key Paper. 700 samples, 55,000 specimens of benthos. Detailed sedimentological logging and a gamma ray spectrometry survey of the type locality. Low values of uranium from a portable gamma ray spectrometer. Three distinct sequences. Lower is a widespread mudstone facies with diverse benthic associations. This had normal benthic oxygen levels. Central sequence has rhythmic alternations of organic-rich shales and mudstones. Decreased diversity and opportunitistic forms indicates drastic reduction of oxygen levels. No stunting. Upper unit return to more oxygenated conditions. More epifaunal forms because of firmer substrate.
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Vertebrates
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Acland
, J.E. 1931. Report of the Curator (Capt. J.E. Acland, FSA), of the Dorset County Museum, for the year 1930. Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society, 52, 49.
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Benton
, M.J. and Wimbledon, W.A. 1985. The conservation and use of fossil vertebrate sites: British fossil reptile sites. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association, 96, 16.
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Brown
, D.S. 1981. The English Upper Jurassic Plesiosauroidea (Reptilia) and a review of the phylogeny and classification of the Plesiosauria. Bulletin of the British Museum, Natural History (Geology), 35, 253-347.
Brown, D.S. 1984. Discovery of a specimen of the plesiosaur Colymbosaurus trochanterius (Owen) on the Island of Portland. Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society, 105, p. 170.
Brown, D.S., Milner, A.C. and Taylor, M. A. 1985? New material of the plesiosaur Kimmerosaurus langhami Brown from the Kimmeridge Clay of Dorset. Bulletin of the British Museum, Natural History (Geology), vol ?, p.
?
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Delair
, J.B. 1959. The Mesozoic reptiles of Dorset. Part two. Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society, 80, 52-90.
Delair, J.B. 1960. The Mesozoic reptiles of Dorset (part three: conclusion). Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society, 81, 59-85.
Delair, J.B. 1966. New records of dinosaurs and other fossil reptiles from Dorset. Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society, 87, 57-66.
Drury, D. 1929. Photographs of ichthyosaurian remains from the Dorset coast. Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society, 50, p. 48, 1 pl.
Etches, S. and Clarke, J. 1999. Steve Etches Kimmeridge Collection: Illustrated Catalogue. (by Steve Etches and Jane Clarke). Published by Jane Clarke, 65 Oakmount Road, Chandler's Ford, Hampshire, SO53 2LJ, UK, from whom it can be obtained. This catalogue illustrates 370 of the most important of the 1,561 fossil specimens contained in the Steve Etches Kimmeridge Collection. This excellent collection is housed in a private museum at Kimmeridge village and it may be viewed by appointment (the telephone number is given in the catalogue). All the specimens have been collected since 1981, the bulk coming from the Kimmeridge Bay area on the Dorset coast. Other material has come from Oday Common, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, the Blue Circle Cement Quarry, Westbury Wiltshire, the Black Isle, Ross and Cromarty, Scotland and Cap de la Havre, Normandy France. The catalogue is an assemblage of good quality monochrone photographs with brief captions, on A4 pages in a binder. The many photographs include those of ammonite, ammonite eggs, bivalves, lobsters, fish, ichthyosaurs, plesiosaurs and pliosaurs. Predatory toothmarks are shown in some bones. Some genera illustrated include Aspidocera, Aulacostephanus, Crussoliceras,Pectinatites,Pictonia, Eurycormis, Caturus,Trachyteuthis,Allothrissops,Geosaurus, Metriorhynchus,Eryma, Goniomya, Leptolepis,Hypsocormus,Gyrodus and various plesiosaurs and ichthyosaurs.
Hulke, J.W. 1870. Note on some plesiosaurian remains obtained by J. C. Mansel, Esq. FGS, in Kimmeridge Bay, Dorset. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 26, 611-622, pl. 41. See also Hulke on Kimmeridge saurians - Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, - volume 25, pp. 386-400; vol. 26, pp. 167-174, 611-622; vol. 27, 440-443; and vol. 28, pp. 34-35.
McGowan, C. 1976. The description and phenetic relationships of a new ichthyosaur genus from the Upper Jurasic of England. Canadian Journal of Earth. Science, 13, 668-683.
Owen, R. 1861-1889. Monograph on the Reptilia of the Kimmeridge Clay and the Portland Stone. Palaeontographical Society .
Seeley, H.G. 1875. Note on Pelobatochelys blakii and other vertebrate fossils exhibited by the Rev. J.G. Blake in illustration of his paper on the Kimmeridge Clay. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 31, 234-237, pl. 13.
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Taylor, M.A. 1981. Plesiosaurs - rigging and ballasting.
Nature, London, 290, 628-629.
Taylor, M.A. and Benton, M.J. 1986. Reptiles from the Upper Kimmeridge Clay (Kimmeridgian, Upper Jurassic) of the vicinity of Egmont Bight, Dorset. Proceedings of Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society for 1985, v. 107, 121-125. Abstract - The Upper Kimmeridge Clay of the coast between Swyre Head and Chapman's Pool, centred on Egmont Bight, Isle of Purbeck, Dorset, has yielded specimens of plesiosaurs, ichthyosaurs, crocodilians, a pterosaur, and a chelonian. The area is currently the most important reptile locality in the Upper Kimmeridgian of Britain. Crocodile bones from ledges below Swyre Head to Freshwater Steps. Pterosaur bones from just above the Freshwater Steps Stone Band have been found by Mr Langham.
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Webpage - written and produced by:
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Ian West, M.Sc. Ph.D. F.G.S.